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Assab Steels CARMO Cold Work Steel
Categories: Metal; Ferrous Metal; Chrome-moly Steel; Tool Steel; Cold Work Steel

Material Notes: CARMO is a high-strength, flame-induction and through hardening steel delivered prehardened to 240-270 HB.
The surface of the steel can be flame-hardened without water cooling to a hardness of 58±2 HRC. The depth of hardness is normally 4-5 mm and the hardened and tempered matrix is a good base for the flame-hardened layer. The steel can be easily repair welded and has a high wear resistance similar to that of A2. The toughness of CARMO is much better than that for the steel types A2 and D2.

CARMO is a cold work tool steel which has been developed together with the automotive industry. Its analysis has been balanced to give one universal tool steel for car body dies instead of the several steel grades (flame hardening and through hardening grades) which are normally used. The steel can be used in the flame-hardened or in the through-hardened condition for blanking and forming of both car body parts (thin sheet) or structural parts (thicker sheet).

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Mechanical PropertiesOriginal ValueComments
Hardness, Rockwell C 43Surface hardness. 600°C Tempering temperature, TA = 960°C
 55Surface hardness. 400°C Tempering temperature, TA = 960°C
 58At 900°C Austenitizing temperature during hardening
 60Core hardness in air cooling for a diameter of 100 mm.
 62Core hardness in air cooling for a diameter of 50 mm.
 63At 960°C Austenitizing temperature during hardening
 63Surface hardness. 100°C Tempering temperature, TA = 960°C
 63Core hardness in air cooling for a diameter of 1-20 mm.
 65At 1025°C Austenitizing temperature during hardening
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 870 MPaRm, @RT, 270 HB.
Tensile Strength, Yield 670 MPaRp0.2, @RT, 270 HB.
Elongation at Break 15 %
Reduction of Area 50 %
Impact Test 125 JRT. 450°C tempering temp. Specimen size: 7x10x55 mm unnotched. Hardened at 960°C. Quenched in air. Tempered twice
 200 JRT. 250°C tempering temp. Specimen size: 7x10x55 mm unnotched. Hardened at 960°C. Quenched in air. Tempered twice
 260 JRT. 600°C tempering temp. Specimen size: 7x10x55 mm unnotched. Hardened at 960°C. Quenched in air. Tempered twice
 
Thermal PropertiesOriginal ValueComments
CTE, linear 12.3 µm/m-°C
@Temperature 20.0 - 200 °C
Hardened and tempered to 56 HRC
 13.3 µm/m-°C
@Temperature 20.0 - 400 °C
Hardened and tempered to 56 HRC
 
Component Elements PropertiesOriginal ValueComments
Carbon, C 0.60 %
Chromium, Cr 4.5 %
Iron, Fe 93.05 %
Manganese, Mn 0.80 %
Molybdenum, Mo 0.50 %
Silicon, Si 0.35 %
Vanadium, V 0.20 %

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