Aluminum 2014-T6; 2014-T651 (Extended Form Data)

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Aluminum 2014-T6; 2014-T651 (Extended Form Data)
Categories:	Metal; Nonferrous Metal; Aluminum Alloy; 2000 Series Aluminum Alloy
Material Notes:	Used in applications requiring high strength/hardness, including elevated temperature uses. Specific applications include heavy duty forgings, plate, and extrusions for aerospace fittings, wheels, tanks, and major structural components, heavy duty automotive frame and suspension componentry. 2014 exhibits poor corrosion resistance for an aluminum alloy. Data points with the AA note have been provided by the Aluminum Association, Inc. and are NOT FOR DESIGN. Composition Notes: A Zr + Ti limit of 0.20 percent maximum may be used with this alloy designation for extruded and forged products only, but only when the supplier or producer and the purchaser have mutually so agreed. Agreement may be indicated, for example, by reference to a standard, by letter, by order note, or other means which allow the Zr + Ti limit. Composition information provided by the Aluminum Association and is not for design.
Key Words:	Aluminium 2014-T651; UNS A92014; ISO AlCu4SiMg; BS H15 (UK); CSA CS41N (Canada); AA2014-T651, DIN AlCuSiMn; NF A-U4SG (France)
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Physical Properties	Original Value	Comments

Density	2.80 g/cc	AA; Typical

Mechanical Properties	Original Value	Comments
Hardness, Brinell	135	AA; Typical; 500 g load; 10 mm ball
Hardness, Knoop	170	Converted from Brinell Hardness Value
Hardness, Rockwell A	50.5	Converted from Rockwell B
Hardness, Rockwell B	82
Hardness, Vickers	155	Converted from Brinell Hardness Value
Tensile Strength, Ultimate	70.0 ksi	AA; Typical
	>= 415 MPa	Extruded wire, rod, bar, and shapes; T62
	>= 415 MPa	Extruded tube; T62
	>= 450 MPa	Rolled or cold finished wire (rod and bar); T6, T62, T651
	30.0 MPa @Temperature 371 °C
	45.0 MPa @Temperature 316 °C
	66.0 MPa @Temperature 260 °C
	110 MPa @Temperature 204 °C
	276 MPa @Temperature 149 °C
	439 MPa @Temperature 100 °C
	483 MPa @Temperature 24.0 °C
	496 MPa @Temperature -28.0 °C
	510 MPa @Temperature -80.0 °C
	579 MPa @Temperature -196 °C
	>= 395 MPa @Thickness 177.8 - 203 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	>= 395 MPa @Thickness 177.8 - 203 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	>= 400 MPa @Thickness 152.4 - 178 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	>= 400 MPa @Thickness 152.4 - 178 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	>= 405 MPa @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Plate; T62, T651
	>= 405 MPa @Thickness 127.0 - 152 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	>= 405 MPa @Thickness 177.8 - 203 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	>= 405 MPa @Thickness 127.0 - 152 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	>= 405 MPa @Thickness 177.8 - 203 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	>= 415 MPa @Thickness <=12.7 mm	Extruded wire, rod, bar, and shapes; T6, T6510, T6511
	>= 415 MPa @Thickness <=12.7 mm	Extruded tube; T6, T6510, T6511
	>= 415 MPa @Thickness 101.6 - 127 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	>= 415 MPa @Thickness 152.4 - 178 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	>= 415 MPa @Thickness 101.6 - 127 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	>= 415 MPa @Thickness 152.4 - 178 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	>= 415 MPa @Thickness <=63.5 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Radial
	>= 420 MPa @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	>= 420 MPa @Thickness 127.0 - 152 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	>= 420 MPa @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	>= 420 MPa @Thickness 127.0 - 152 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	>= 425 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	>= 425 MPa @Thickness 101.6 - 127 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	>= 425 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	>= 425 MPa @Thickness 101.6 - 127 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	>= 425 MPa @Thickness <=63.5 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Axial
	>= 425 MPa @Thickness 63.53 - 76.2 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Axial
	>= 435 MPa @Thickness 63.53 - 76.2 mm	Plate; T62, T651
	>= 435 MPa @Thickness 76.2 - 102 mm	Die forgings: axis parallel to direction of grain flow
	>= 435 MPa @Thickness 50.8 - 102 mm	Die forgings: axis not parallel to direction of grain flow
	>= 435 MPa @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	>= 435 MPa @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	>= 440 MPa @Thickness 0.508 - 0.991 mm	Sheet; T6, T62
	>= 440 MPa @Thickness 12.7 - 19.0 mm	Extruded wire, rod, bar, and shapes; T6, T6510, T6511
	>= 440 MPa @Thickness 12.7 - 19.0 mm	Extruded tube; T6, T6510, T6511
	>= 440 MPa @Thickness <=50.8 mm	Die forgings: axis not parallel to direction of grain flow
	>= 440 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal
	>= 440 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; long transverse
	>= 440 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal; T652
	>= 440 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; long transverse; T652
	>= 450 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 63.5 mm	Plate; T62, T651
	>= 450 MPa @Thickness <=50.8 mm	Die forgings: axis parallel to direction of grain flow
	>= 450 MPa @Thickness 50.8 - 76.2 mm	Die forgings: axis parallel to direction of grain flow
	>= 450 MPa @Thickness <=50.8 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	>= 450 MPa @Thickness <=50.8 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	>= 450 MPa @Thickness <=63.5 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Tangential
	>= 450 MPa @Thickness 63.53 - 76.2 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Tangential
	>= 455 MPa @Thickness 1.02 - 6.32 mm	Sheet; T6, T62
	>= 460 MPa @Thickness 6.35 - 50.8 mm	Plate; T62, T651
	>= 470 MPa @Thickness >=19.0 mm	Extruded wire, rod, bar, and shapes; T6, T6510, T6511
	>= 470 MPa @Thickness >=19.0 mm	Extruded tube; T6, T6510, T6511
Tensile Strength, Yield	60.0 ksi	AA; Typical
	>= 365 MPa	Extruded tube; T62
	>= 365 MPa	Extruded wire, rod, bar, and shapes; T62
	>= 380 MPa	Rolled or cold finished wire (rod and bar); T6, T62, T651
	>= 330 MPa @Thickness 177.8 - 203 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	>= 340 MPa @Thickness 152.4 - 178 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	>= 345 MPa @Thickness 101.6 - 127 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	>= 345 MPa @Thickness 127.0 - 152 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	>= 350 MPa @Thickness 177.8 - 203 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	>= 350 MPa @Thickness 177.8 - 203 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	>= 350 MPa @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	>= 350 MPa @Thickness 177.8 - 203 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	>= 360 MPa @Thickness 152.4 - 178 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	>= 360 MPa @Thickness 152.4 - 178 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	>= 360 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	>= 360 MPa @Thickness 152.4 - 178 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	>= 360 MPa @Thickness <=63.5 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Radial
	>= 360 MPa @Thickness 63.53 - 76.2 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Axial
	>= 365 MPa @Thickness <=12.7 mm	Extruded wire, rod, bar, and shapes; T6, T6510, T6511
	>= 365 MPa @Thickness 101.6 - 127 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	>= 365 MPa @Thickness 127.0 - 152 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	>= 365 MPa @Thickness 127.0 - 152 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	>= 365 MPa @Thickness 127.0 - 152 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	>= 365 MPa @Thickness <=12.7 mm	Extruded tube; T6, T6510, T6511
	>= 370 MPa @Thickness 50.8 - 102 mm	Die forgings: axis not parallel to direction of grain flow
	>= 370 MPa @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	>= 370 MPa @Thickness 101.6 - 127 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	>= 370 MPa @Thickness 101.6 - 127 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	>= 380 MPa @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Plate; T62, T651
	>= 380 MPa @Thickness 76.2 - 102 mm	Die forgings: axis parallel to direction of grain flow
	>= 380 MPa @Thickness <=50.8 mm	Die forgings: axis not parallel to direction of grain flow
	>= 380 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; long transverse
	>= 380 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	>= 380 MPa @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	>= 380 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; long transverse; T652
	>= 380 MPa @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	>= 380 MPa @Thickness <=63.5 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Tangential
	>= 380 MPa @Thickness <=63.5 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Axial
	>= 380 MPa @Thickness 63.53 - 76.2 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Tangential
	>= 380 MPa @Thickness 50.8 - 76.2 mm	Die forgings: axis parallel to direction of grain flow
	>= 385 MPa @Thickness <=50.8 mm	Die forgings: axis parallel to direction of grain flow
	>= 385 MPa @Thickness <=50.8 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	>= 385 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal
	>= 385 MPa @Thickness <=50.8 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	>= 385 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal; T652
	>= 395 MPa @Thickness 0.508 - 0.991 mm	Sheet; T6, T62
	>= 395 MPa @Thickness 63.53 - 76.2 mm	Plate; T62, T651
	>= 400 MPa @Thickness 1.02 - 6.32 mm	Sheet; T6, T62
	>= 400 MPa @Thickness 50.83 - 63.5 mm	Plate; T62, T651
	>= 400 MPa @Thickness 12.7 - 19.0 mm	Extruded wire, rod, bar, and shapes; T6, T6510, T6511
	>= 400 MPa @Thickness 12.7 - 19.0 mm	Extruded tube; T6, T6510, T6511
	>= 405 MPa @Thickness 6.35 - 50.8 mm	Plate; T62, T651
	>= 415 MPa @Thickness >=19.0 mm	Extruded wire, rod, bar, and shapes; T6, T6510, T6511
	>= 415 MPa @Thickness >=19.0 mm	Extruded tube; T6, T6510, T6511
	24.0 MPa @Strain 0.2 %, Temperature 371 °C
	34.0 MPa @Strain 0.2 %, Temperature 316 °C
	52.0 MPa @Strain 0.2 %, Temperature 260 °C
	90.0 MPa @Strain 0.2 %, Temperature 204 °C
	241 MPa @Strain 0.2 %, Temperature 149 °C
	393 MPa @Strain 0.2 %, Temperature 100 °C
	414 MPa @Strain 0.2 %, Temperature 24.0 °C
	427 MPa @Strain 0.2 %, Temperature -28.0 °C
	448 MPa @Strain 0.2 %, Temperature -80.0 °C
	496 MPa @Strain 0.2 %, Temperature -196 °C
Elongation at Break	7.0 %	Extruded tube; T62
	7.0 %	Extruded wire, rod, bar, and shapes; T62
	8.0 %	Rolled or cold finished wire (rod and bar); T6, T62, T651
	13 % @Temperature -28.0 °C
	13 % @Temperature 24.0 °C
	13 % @Temperature -80.0 °C
	14 % @Temperature -196 °C
	15 % @Temperature 100 °C
	20 % @Temperature 149 °C
	38 % @Temperature 204 °C
	52 % @Temperature 260 °C
	65 % @Temperature 316 °C
	72 % @Temperature 371 °C
	1.0 % @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Plate; T62, T651
	1.0 % @Thickness 101.6 - 127 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	1.0 % @Thickness 127.0 - 152 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	1.0 % @Thickness 152.4 - 178 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	1.0 % @Thickness 177.8 - 203 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	1.0 % @Thickness 101.6 - 127 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	1.0 % @Thickness 127.0 - 152 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	1.0 % @Thickness 152.4 - 178 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	1.0 % @Thickness 177.8 - 203 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	2.0 % @Thickness 50.83 - 63.5 mm	Plate; T62, T651
	2.0 % @Thickness 63.53 - 76.2 mm	Plate; T62, T651
	2.0 % @Thickness 63.53 - 76.2 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Axial
	2.0 % @Thickness 50.8 - 102 mm	Die forgings: axis not parallel to direction of grain flow
	2.0 % @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	2.0 % @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse
	2.0 % @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	2.0 % @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Hand forgings; short transverse; T652
	2.0 % @Thickness <=63.5 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Radial
	3.0 % @Thickness <=50.8 mm	Die forgings: axis not parallel to direction of grain flow
	3.0 % @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; long transverse
	3.0 % @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; long transverse; T652
	3.0 % @Thickness <=63.5 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Axial
	2.0 - 6.0 % @Thickness 152.4 - 178 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	2.0 - 6.0 % @Thickness 177.8 - 203 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	2.0 - 7.0 % @Thickness 101.6 - 127 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	2.0 - 7.0 % @Thickness 127.0 - 152 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	2.0 - 7.0 % @Thickness 152.4 - 178 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	2.0 - 7.0 % @Thickness 177.8 - 203 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	2.0 - 7.0 % @Thickness 101.6 - 127 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	2.0 - 7.0 % @Thickness 127.0 - 152 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	3.0 - 8.0 % @Thickness <=50.8 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	3.0 - 8.0 % @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse
	3.0 - 8.0 % @Thickness <=50.8 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	3.0 - 8.0 % @Thickness 76.23 - 102 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal, long transverse; T652
	4.0 - 7.0 % @Thickness 6.35 - 50.8 mm	Plate; T62, T651
	6.0 % @Thickness 0.508 - 0.991 mm	Sheet; T6, T62
	6.0 % @Thickness <=50.8 mm	Die forgings: axis parallel to direction of grain flow
	6.0 % @Thickness 50.8 - 76.2 mm	Die forgings: axis parallel to direction of grain flow
	6.0 % @Thickness 76.2 - 102 mm	Die forgings: axis parallel to direction of grain flow
	6.0 % @Thickness 63.53 - 76.2 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Tangential
	7.0 % @Thickness 1.02 - 6.32 mm	Sheet; T6, T62
	7.0 % @Thickness <=12.7 mm	Extruded wire, rod, bar, and shapes; T6, T6510, T6511
	7.0 % @Thickness 12.7 - 19.0 mm	Extruded wire, rod, bar, and shapes; T6, T6510, T6511
	7.0 % @Thickness >=19.0 mm	Extruded wire, rod, bar, and shapes; T6, T6510, T6511
	7.0 % @Thickness <=63.5 mm	Rolled rings; T6, T652; Tangential
	7.0 % @Thickness <=12.7 mm	Extruded tube; T6, T6510, T6511
	7.0 % @Thickness 12.7 - 19.0 mm	Extruded tube; T6, T6510, T6511
	7.0 % @Thickness >=19.0 mm	Extruded tube; T6, T6510, T6511
	8.0 % @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal
	8.0 % @Thickness 50.83 - 76.2 mm	Hand forgings; longitudinal; T652
	13 % @Diameter 12.7 mm	AA; Typical
Modulus of Elasticity	10600 ksi	AA; Typical; Average of tension and compression. Compression modulus is about 2% greater than tensile modulus.
Tensile Modulus	72.4 GPa
Compressive Strength	470 MPa
Compressive Modulus	73.8 GPa
Notched Tensile Strength	414 MPa	2.5 cm width x 0.16 cm thick side-notched specimen, K_t = 17.
Ultimate Bearing Strength	889 MPa	Edge distance/pin diameter = 2.0
Bearing Yield Strength	662 MPa	Edge distance/pin diameter = 2.0
Poissons Ratio	0.33
Fatigue Strength	18000 psi @# of Cycles 5.00e+8	completely reversed stress; RR Moore machine/specimen
Fracture Toughness	19.0 MPa-m½	K_IC; TL orientation.
Machinability	70 %	0-100 Scale of Aluminum Alloys
Shear Modulus	28.0 GPa
Shear Strength	42.0 ksi	AA; Typical

Electrical Properties	Original Value	Comments
Electrical Resistivity	26.0 ohm-cir-mil/ft @Temperature 20.0 °C	AA; Typical

Thermal Properties	Original Value	Comments
CTE, linear	12.8 µin/in-°F @Temperature 20.0 - 100 °C	AA; Typical; average over range
	20.8 µm/m-°C @Temperature -50.0 - 20.0 °C
	22.5 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 - 100 °C
	23.4 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 - 200 °C
	24.4 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 - 300 °C
	24.4 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 - 300 °C	average
Specific Heat Capacity	0.880 J/g-°C	Estimated from trends in similar Al alloys.
Thermal Conductivity	1070 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F	AA; Typical at 77°F
Melting Point	945 - 1180 °F	AA; Typical range based on typical composition for wrought products >= 1/4 in. thickness. Eutectic melting is not eliminated by homogenization.
Solidus	945 °F	AA; Typical
Liquidus	1180 °F	AA; Typical

Processing Properties	Original Value	Comments
Annealing Temperature	775 °F
Solution Temperature	935 °F
Aging Temperature	320 °F	Sheet, plate, wire, rod, bar, shapes, tube; 18 hr at temperature
	340 °F	Forgings; 10 hr at temperature

Component Elements Properties	Original Value	Comments
Aluminum, Al	90.4 - 95 %	As remainder
Chromium, Cr	<= 0.10 %
Copper, Cu	3.9 - 5.0 %
Iron, Fe	<= 0.70 %
Magnesium, Mg	0.20 - 0.80 %
Manganese, Mn	0.40 - 1.2 %
Other, each	<= 0.05 %
Other, total	<= 0.15 %
Silicon, Si	0.50 - 1.2 %
Titanium, Ti	<= 0.15 %
Zinc, Zn	<= 0.25 %

References for this datasheet.

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